Copy the file lclstrconsts.nl.po from the lcl/languages folder of the Lazarus installation into your project output folder. Then, very early, e.g. in the initialization section of the main form, call "TranslateUnitResourceStrings('lclstrconsts', PODir + 'lclstrconsts.nl.po')" where PODir is the directory with lclstrconsts.nl.po.
See attached demo. It works fine with the LCL dialogs. The dialogs completely created by the widgetset, however, partially ontain texts in the language set by the OS (German in my case). But when your Windows is set up for Dutch, then this should be just fine.