For the debugger there is no difference between a breakpoint in an "inline" function, and a breakpoint on a comment.
In both cases, the breakpoint is on a line for which the compiler has not generated line-info. So the debugger only knows, there is no code there.
The spec would allow the compiler to generate line info (even including info that it is inlined) and give all the addresses where there is code for that function.
Mind that it is not only the addresses for the code, but also the info about local vars. So it is a bit more work.
And well, once the compiler does, the debugger still needs the implementation to read it... But for now, that would not help.
So for now the debugger does not know.
The debugger also does not read the code. It relies on debug info only. (Well the IDE sometimes checks for "with do" if you add a watch).
But even if it did, there is no way to differentiate between an inlined function and dead code (a function that is not called from anywhere). Both don't have line-info.
To make it worse. An inlined function may not be inlined in all cases. Then you get a valid breakpoint, but it only stops sometimes.