Personally, I believe that too many programmers are giving way too much importance to looks and way to little to function and _useful_ features (not piles of useless ones... which has become typical.)
Personally, I dislike docked windows. It leads to a very inefficient use of screen space. Your screenshot shows you get 52 lines in your editor window, AFAIC, that's a deal breaker (I got 50 lines back in the days of MS-DOS). I get 78 lines on a 1920x1200 monitor (a bit "taller" than the standard 1080 but not much.)
As far as caret-past-eol, I don't recall what the default behavior is but, any editor that does not allow caret-past-eol is just another notepad, utterly useless AFAIC.
As far as colors go, I think that's much too personal to say anything about them. I prefer dark (solid black background... gives high contrast = less visual effort) and contributed my color scheme (because it was requested)
I like the sparse line numbers, less clutter. I don't like clutter. I couldn't code 5 minutes with the settings you have. I'm not saying they are wrong but they are a universe apart from what I am comfortable with.
For the most part I use two windows: the editor window (often two of them) and the watches window. The rest of the windows lazarus offers get a second or two of attention every once in a while (such as the messages window.)
Lazarus is _functional_, that's what an IDE should be.