I just read this thread and go back to the days before Turbo Pascal. I would like to point out some important historical facts. The author of Turbo Pascal was eventually recruited by Microsoft. He is the Architect of C# and .NET framework. As a forner user of UCSD Pascal, Turbo Pascal was one of the major contributions to the success of the IBM PC and commercial software development in general. It combined a strongly typed language with a super fast assembler and small footpeint executable before there was any native code generator for C++. Borland grew from this single product quickly and growth was fueled by new internal development and acquisitions. But at that time, Turbo Pascal was the fastest wat to develop IBM PC prigrams. I was one of the Alpha testers and developers using Turbo Pascal, Object Pascal, and Delphi.