I don't know where to get the correct gdb for this. But....
If you can find a way to do native debugging (assuming it is Intel or AMD, not arm), then you can use FpDebug. And that will give you a tremendously better experience.
- It is faster.
- It crashes less. (at least for the majority of people)
- It will receive fixes faster (because we - the Lazarus team - can fix it; whereas a bug in gdb, well we can't do anything about it)
- It works well with DWARF-3 which preserves the case (upper/lower) of your identifiers
....
You will have your reasons to do the coding on Windows. ok...
But...
Even for remote debugging, you do need a target system. A Linux system.
Gdb and your app need to run in Linux, the IDE and gdbserver run on Windows.
For remote debugging you need to copy the exe over to the target Linux system.
So...
If you do all that work. Just run an Lazarus IDE on that Linux target, and use it for debugging.
If it is a virtual machine, then set up shared folders.
You can edit on either side, and can have the other side reload changed files (just make sure you save always immediately to disk, because if you have changes in memory on both sides ....... then that is no good.
Or better, put everything into git, and use that to synchronize the folders on Win and Linux.
Anyway just some ideas. Think about it.