In some ways programming is a bit like Mathematics... like most everything in Math, an algorithm is independent of the human language.
There is an important difference though between
describing an algorithm (or proof), and
creating one, and the linguistic relativism/Sapir-Whorf idea is that our natural language shapes and constrains the later, not the former. It limits the horizon of the questions we can ask.
In the Brazilian Piraha tribe's language, for example, number is expressed as "one," "two" or "many." Within that linguistic constraint, there is not much call to create or discover a concept like "commutativity."
It's only a theory though, with arguments on both sides.