Thinking about it, maybe my problem is different. I am setting the font size of my TEdit to 18 instead of 12. While the cursor initially appears in the right location, the actual text content I type is positioned "too high" and hence only partially visible. I thought it would be caused by me disabling AutoSize and setting my own size for the TEdit, but it's the same with AutoSize enabled.
This is Lazarus 2.2.6 with FPC 3.2.2 on MacOS Monterey (hi-res iMac, but I tried fiddling with the project properties already).