Short answer:
Yes.
Detailed answer:
Not easy. There are several ways to achieve the result. What I did is not exactly as what you showed but the basic concept is same. I wrote the component some years ago, its internally used TScrollBox. It's already supports checkbox, up/down button, text, mouse hovering effect and right-click popup menu on item. If I keep adding some new features, it can looks similar to what you showed us. Unfortunately, due to some reasons I abandoned the project.
Hey, instead of wasting my computer storage space, I think it would be better to share it here, maybe it can be useful for someone. Here you are, it's totally free, in CC0 Public Domain license: