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Author Topic: Identify image Types  (Read 1148 times)

DreamVB

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Identify image Types
« on: November 15, 2023, 12:44:49 pm »
Hi,

this is a little console app with a function that can be used to check the first few bytes of a file to test if it is an image type, When I was doing work experience in a school I remember the IT person what have to check the students folders for images and delete them, something like this might of been handy as some students like to try and make it harder to find the and rename them as MP3 or DOC files or other file types anyway hope you find the code useful if you can think of other formats you can easy add them.

Code: Pascal  [Select][+][-]
  1. //Little function that can be used to check the type of image.
  2.  
  3. program identimage;
  4.  
  5. {$mode objfpc}{$H+}
  6.  
  7. uses
  8.   Classes,
  9.   StrUtils,
  10.   SysUtils;
  11.  
  12. type
  13.   TImageType = (IUnknown, iPNG, iBMP, iJPEG, iGIF, iTIFF, iPSD, iPCX);
  14.  
  15.   function GetImageType(Filename: string): TImageType;
  16.   var
  17.     f: file of byte;
  18.     header: array[0..6] of byte;
  19.     iType: TImageType;
  20.     X : Integer;
  21.   begin
  22.  
  23.     //File to read
  24.     AssignFile(f, Filename);
  25.     Reset(f);
  26.  
  27.     //Read in the first 5 bytes of the file into header array
  28.     for X := 0 to 5 do
  29.     begin
  30.       Read(f, header[X]);
  31.     end;
  32.  
  33.     //Close file
  34.     CloseFile(f);
  35.  
  36.     //Check for PNG
  37.     if (header[0] = $89) and (header[1] = $50) and (header[2] = $4E) and
  38.       (header[3] = $47) then
  39.     begin
  40.       iType := TImageType.iPNG;
  41.     end
  42.     //Check for JPEG
  43.     else if (header[0] = $FF) and (header[1] = $D8) and (header[2] = $FF) and
  44.       (header[3] = $E0) then
  45.     begin
  46.       iType := TImageType.iJPEG;
  47.     end
  48.     //Check for Bitmap
  49.     else if (header[0] = $42) and (header[1] = $4D) and (header[2] = $5E) and
  50.       (header[3] = $23) then
  51.     begin
  52.       iType := TImageType.iBMP;
  53.     end
  54.     //Check for Bitmap
  55.     else if (header[0] = $42) and (header[1] = $4D) and (header[2] = $52) then
  56.     begin
  57.       iType := TImageType.iBMP;
  58.     end
  59.     //Check for Bitmap
  60.     else if (header[0] = $42) and (header[1] = $4D) and (header[2] = $EE) and
  61.       (header[3] = $0F) then
  62.     begin
  63.       iType := TImageType.iBMP;
  64.     end
  65.     //Check for GIF
  66.     else if (header[0] = $47) and (header[1] = $49) and (header[2] = $46) and
  67.       (header[3] = $38) and (header[4] = $39) then
  68.     begin
  69.       iType := TImageType.iGIF;
  70.     end
  71.     //Check for TIFF
  72.     else if (header[0] = $49) and (header[1] = $49) and (header[2] = $2A) and
  73.       (header[3] = $00) then
  74.     begin
  75.       iType := TImageType.iTIFF;
  76.     end
  77.     //Check for Adobe PSD
  78.     else if (header[0] = $38) and (header[1] = $42) and (header[2] = $50) and
  79.       (header[3] = $53) and (header[4] = $00) and (header[5] = $01) then
  80.     begin
  81.       iType := TImageType.iPSD;
  82.     end
  83.     //Check for PCX
  84.     else if (header[0] = $0A) and (header[1] = $05) and (header[2] = $01) and
  85.       (header[3] = $08) and (header[4] = $00) then
  86.     begin
  87.       iType := TImageType.iPCX;
  88.     end
  89.     else
  90.     begin
  91.       //Unknown Image type
  92.       iType := TImageType.IUnknown;
  93.     end;
  94.  
  95.     Result := iType;
  96.     //Check header to find out what image type we have.
  97.   end;
  98.  
  99. begin
  100.   if ParamCount = 1 then
  101.   begin
  102.     if not FileExists(ParamStr(1)) then
  103.     begin
  104.       WriteLn('File Not Found: ' + sLineBreak + ParamStr(1));
  105.     end
  106.     else
  107.     begin
  108.       Writeln(GetImageType(ParamStr(1)));
  109.     end;
  110.   end;
  111. end.
  112.  


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Bart

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Re: Identify image Types
« Reply #1 on: November 15, 2023, 01:31:56 pm »
I have a similar unit, that does some more extensive checking (and also returns width and height) of the image. 
It supports less formats though.

Feel free to use (parts of) this code.

Bart

DreamVB

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Re: Identify image Types
« Reply #2 on: November 15, 2023, 02:05:03 pm »
Thanks Bart I look at your code latter.
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wp

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Re: Identify image Types
« Reply #3 on: November 15, 2023, 06:22:04 pm »
Seems to be a popular topic because I have a similar unit for fpspreadsheet (https://sourceforge.net/p/lazarus-ccr/svn/HEAD/tree/components/fpspreadsheet/source/common/fpsimages.pas). Only later I noticed that the format checks are already available in each fpc installation: The folder packages/fcl-image/src contains the units needed by the fcl graphics routines, including the reader and writer units for all graphics format. Each file format has dedicated reader and writer units with corresponding classes. It is an elemental requirement for each reader that it must be able to detect the graphics format from the file (or stream) header, without relying on a file extension. The reader method for this purpose is called "CheckContents", works on the image stream and returns true if the typical signature of the file format is found. When the reader unit of a file format is added to the uses clause of your application the unit is registered in an internal image handler list along with related data, among them the name of the graphic format. TFPCustomImage, the elemental image class of fcl-image, has a method FindHandlerFromStream which scans over all registered image handlers and calls the CheckContents method of each reader class. This way TFPCustomImage can determine the graphics format from the stream header.

Luckily all this is accessible to us, and knowing this (after some study in the fcl-image source) your program shrinks to a few lines. All you have to do is to add the reader units of all formats that you want to check to the uses clause:

Code: Pascal  [Select][+][-]
  1. uses
  2.   ...
  3.   fpImage,
  4.   // what follows are the reader units available in fcl-image
  5.   fpReadBMP, fpReadGIF, fpReadPNG, fpReadPSD, fpReadJPEG, fpReadTIFF, fpReadPCX,
  6.   fpReadPNM, fpReadTGA, fpReadXPM, fpReadXWD;    
  7.  
  8. function GetImageType(AStream: TStream): String;
  9. var
  10.   handlerData: TIHData;
  11. begin
  12.   handlerData := TFPCustomImage.FindHandlerFromStream(AStream);
  13.   if handlerData = nil then
  14.     Result := 'Format not detected'
  15.   else
  16.     Result := handlerData.TypeName;
  17. end;
  18.  
  19. procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
  20. var
  21.   stream: TFileStream;
  22. begin
  23.   stream := TFileStream.Create(FILE_NAME, fmOpenRead);
  24.   try
  25.     ShowMessage(GetImageType(stream));
  26.   finally
  27.     stream.Free;
  28.   end;
  29. end;

Of course, this cannot replace the detection of audo or video files - for these, your code is still required.

 

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