Hello I'm back with my test result.
- UbuntuMate 16.10 64-bit fresh install + Lazarus 1.6.2 deb packages downloaded from Lazarus website (via SourceForge) works effortlessly on first attempt. It runs correctly with my simple test, both compiling and running.
- Right after UbuntuMate has been installed, the necessary packages weren't installed. But it will be automatically installed after Lazarus installed. I notice that while installing Lazarus, it tried to download something from the Internet.
- The neccesary packages are libx11-dev, libgtk2.0-dev, libgdk-pixbuf2.0-dev, libcairo2-dev, libpango1.0-dev
I don't have other Debian flavors, so I can only test on UbuntuMate. Someone please do more testings on other Linuxes.