I click the pause button and a new tab in the Source Editor pops in called "gtk2widgetset.inc"
Ok, so your program is definitely running (even if not as expected)
It should also mean that you have gdb configured as debugger, and likely indicate that your project is compiled with debug info.
I also assume you have double checked those basics...
About debug-info:
On the project-settings "linking" tab, did you select just -g (stabs) or -gw (dwarf)?
Or better even, try each.
Also note, that you may have to recompile the LCL and any package involved, and you may have to configure debug info for them first. At least if you expect to debug into those.
Does your app use threads? There a many postings about that, and it does not seem to work with gdb (yet) on linux. (search the forum and bug tracker)
If you do not use threads
* Important question: Which version of GDB?
* fpc version ?
* Also please open the Menu: "view" => "Debug windows" => "Debug output" (do open it before you start your app), and then once your app is running, copy the content, zip and attach here.
* Start Lazarus from a console, andd watch/copy-attach the IDE's console output during your debug attempt
* I assume you have some breakpoints that you expect to be hit?
* What happens if you start with F8, that should break the app right at startup (in the main project, at begin)